Collisional ionisation, recombination, and ionisation potential in two-fluid slow-mode shocks: Analytical and numerical results

Context. Shocks are a universal feature of warm plasma environments, such as the lower solar atmosphere and molecular clouds, which consist both ionised neutral species. Including partial ionisation leads to existence finite width for shocks, where species decouple recouple. As such, drift velocities exist within shock that lead frictional heating between two species, in addition adiabatic temperature changes across shock. The local enhancements alter recombination rates hence change composition plasma. Aims. We study role collisional slow-mode partially shocks. In particular, we incorporate potential energy loss analyse consequences having non-conservative equation. Methods. A semi-analytical approach is used determine possible equilibrium jumps two-fluid model with ionisation, recombination, potential, arbitrary heating. Two-fluid numerical simulations performed using (P I P) code. Results compared magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) semi-analytic solution. Results. Accounting significantly alters behaviour shocks substructure post-shock regions. given temperature, can only specific densities due radiative losses needing be balanced by function. consequence compressional will reduction region, rather than increase seen MHD. pair well derived analytic velocities. Conclusion. Multi-fluid effects significant departure from MHD results. results this paper applicable wide range plasmas, including chromosphere clouds.